What condition is associated with lung overinflation?

The condition associated with lung overinflation is pneumothorax. When divers experience changes in pressure, particularly during ascent, if they do not exhale properly, air can become trapped in the lungs. This overinflated state can cause the alveoli, or air sacs in the lungs, to rupture, leading to pneumothorax. This condition occurs when air escapes from the lungs into the pleural cavity, causing the lung to collapse partially or completely.

Pneumothorax is particularly dangerous in diving because it can lead to severe chest pain and difficulty breathing, and in severe cases, it requires immediate medical attention. Understanding the risks associated with lung overinflation is crucial for divers to prevent such occurrences, which primarily stem from improper respiration techniques during rapid ascents.