What is the primary cause of central nervous system oxygen toxicity?

The primary cause of central nervous system oxygen toxicity is high partial pressure of oxygen (PPO2). When divers are exposed to high PPO2, typically from breathing enriched oxygen mixtures or under elevated pressures, it can lead to an excessive amount of oxygen in the central nervous system. This condition can provoke a range of symptoms, such as visual disturbances, seizures, or even loss of consciousness, depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.

Oxygen is a vital element for cellular metabolism, but when individuals are exposed to it at increased pressures, the normal cellular functions can become disrupted. The neurotoxic effects are more pronounced at PPO2 levels above 1.6 ATA (atmospheres absolute), which is why monitoring and controlling oxygen levels in diving environments is crucial to ensure divers’ safety. Understanding this mechanism helps divers and diving teams manage risk factors effectively and make informed decisions about gas mixtures and exposure times during dives.