What is the result of pressure changes affecting the face during diving?

The phenomenon referred to as face squeeze occurs when pressure changes affect the face while diving. As a diver descends, the ambient pressure increases, and if the facial sinuses or mask are not equalized properly, it can lead to discomfort and, in severe cases, injury.

When you dive, the pressure exerted on the body increases due to the weight of the water above. If the air spaces in the mask or around the face cannot equalize, the external pressure can exceed the pressure of the air in those spaces. This imbalance can cause tissue to be compressed against the underlying structures of the face, potentially leading to pain, bruising, or even more serious physical damage to the facial structures.

This understanding is critical for divers as it highlights the importance of equalizing air spaces, using appropriate techniques to relieve pressure during descent and ascent.